Extreme heat events — defined as periods of unusually high temperatures that pose a risk to human health — have become more frequent and intense in recent years due to climate change. Not only are they uncomfortable, they can even be life-threatening, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young, or those with underlying health conditions. In 2019 alone, an estimated 356,000 deaths worldwide were attributed to extreme heat.
Nowadays, it is essential for individuals and families to be prepared for extreme heat events and understand how to stay safe and comfortable during the warmer months. In this article, we’ll explore some tips and strategies for coping with extreme heat, as well as some of the challenges that arise from living in a warmer world.
1. Stay informed:
Staying up-to-date on the latest weather forecasts and heat advisories is vital. Regularly check the weather, especially during the summer months, and pay close attention to heat warnings issued by local authorities. Check local news outlets, social media platforms, and official sources for timely updates. By staying informed, you can be prepared to take swift action if necessary.
2. Stay hydrated:
During extreme heat events, proper hydration is crucial. Drink plenty of water, even if you do not feel thirsty, and avoid caffeinated drinks as they can contribute to dehydration. Always carry a water bottle with you and consider adding electrolyte-rich beverages to your diet to replace lost minerals.
3. Wear appropriate clothing:
Wearing lightweight, light-coloured clothing can help reflect heat and sunlight. Opt for loose-fitting garments that allow for better air circulation to keep your body cool. Consider a hat and sunglasses to protect your skin and eyes from the sun's rays.
4. Limit outdoor activities:
To minimise heat-related risks, limit outdoor activities — especially during the hottest parts of the day, typically between 11 AM and 4 PM. If you must be outside, take regular breaks in shaded areas or air-conditioned spaces to allow your body to cool down.
5. Create a cool environment:
Maintaining a cool environment in your home and workplace is essential. Use fans and air conditioning to keep the temperature down. If possible, install window shades or curtains to block direct sunlight. If you don’t have air conditioning, consider visiting public places like libraries or malls that offer this amenity.
6. Check on vulnerable individuals:
During extreme heat events, it is crucial to check on the well-being of elderly, young, or sick family members, friends, and neighbours who may be at greater risk. Ensure they have access to air conditioning, fans, and plenty of water.
7. Take care of your pets:
Remember that pets are also vulnerable to extreme heat. Provide them with plenty of water, shade, and a cool resting area. Never leave them in a car, even for a short time, as the interior temperature can rise rapidly and become hazardous.
8. Have a plan for power outages:
In the event of a power outage during an extreme heat event, have a contingency plan. Identify alternative locations with air conditioning, such as the homes of friends or family members, cooling centres, or public spaces. Taking a cool shower can also provide temporary relief.
9. Be mindful of heat-related illnesses:
Extreme heat can lead to heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and other heat-related illnesses. If you experience symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, headache, or a rapid heartbeat, move to a cool place, drink water, and rest. If your symptoms persist or worsen, seek immediate medical attention.
10. Prepare an emergency supply kit:
To adequately prepare for extreme heat events, assemble an emergency supply kit. It should include water, non-perishable food items, a flashlight, a battery-operated radio, and first-aid supplies.
As temperatures soar, extreme heat events can be critical tests of survival. With climate change amplifying their frequency and intensity, the need to adapt and protect ourselves has never been more urgent. By heeding these tips, you can navigate the blistering heat and ensure the safety and comfort of yourself and your family. Let’s rise to the challenge and create a cool oasis amidst the sweltering summer months.
